It has been quite some time since my last post, as I have been engrossed in writing my book and adjusting to life in a new country. These commitments have led me to postpone writing here. However, today I won’t delve into extensive details, nor will I pick up where we left off. Instead, I am excited to share a […]
It’s been a while since I updated the blog mainly because I was writing a book which at first I thought it could finish in a year, but I realized that it’d take longer if I wanted to stand by it; besides, I was doing a course that already finished. Anyway, we’re studying education from different aspects, trying to come […]
In the last post, we discussed that the science era had prioritized trained people, thus a new competition had come to existence: climbing the educational hierarchy whose rewards were mainly better job opportunities, making more money and higher social status [1]. Limitations create competitions and the outcome has some winners or losers. For example, If a university had the capacity […]
When it comes to education, there are many angles and aspects to talk about. Let’s study the evolution of education. Richard Dawkins [1] in “The Selfish Gene” [2] has said that our body is nothing but a machine that the genes have developed to increase their chance of survival. Compared to bacteria which spend almost all their energy to reproduce, […]
In the last post, we discussed that one of the main problems with teaching concepts is that they’re taught as symbols [1]. We saw that to understand the concept of tragedy, students should read or watch some tragic novels, plays or movies, then find the common element which is a failure. Afterward, their teacher should say that this concept is […]
To pick up where we left off, parents and teachers should avoid feeding kids with concepts before they create them by themselves [1]. One of the reasons that this mistake takes place is that we don’t make a distinction between a concept and its symbol. In the 12th post, we studied how the brain could create concepts by grouping several […]
To study concepts [1], we took a long detour to investigate languages and meanings [2]. The next important step would be how to educate or to share the meanings with others. Yuval Noah Harari [3] in “Sapiens: a brief history of humankind” [4] has mentioned that bees can do their tasks because all those commands have been genetically coded. However, […]
The basic cognitive step to make sense of the world around us is to connect things based on the law I called the law of adjacency: two spatial, temporal, or conceptual things are related to each other in mind [1]. As an example, we saw how the brain could relate the smell of a rose to its shape and create […]
To pick up where we left off, emotions helped us learn and evaluate the world around us in a binary way. Things are either good or bad according to our feelings, and their intensity prioritizes our reactions [1]. However, emotions have shortcomings. They are blind to changes, amount, components and multivariable analyses; in other words, they’re short-sighted. We can see […]
Death was the beginning of our journey [1]. As living organisms, we’ve evolved to fight it more skillfully which led to the development of intelligence. From the very simple stimulus-response system, we’ve moved towards complex analyses, evaluating many variables to come up with different decisions to choose from. Based on Minergy [2], the brain and body evolved to minimize the […]
In the previous posts [1], we discussed that as an infant we thought what we did (mainly crying) solved our problems. Then we grew up a bit and realized that without our parents we couldn’t survive. We noticed that there’s a nice correlation between the infant-hood, then the magic era and the childhood and the religion era [2]. Eventually, we […]
In the last post [1], I stated that if you have low self-esteem, the problems will look more terrifying which will induce more stress hormones, and if it passes the panic threshold, the brain will shut down the rational part [2] and use the default reaction either (fight or flight). However, running away isn’t normally an option for settlers so […]
In the earlier posts, we discussed that the history of the cognitive revolution could be divided into three eras based on different types of causality [1]: magic, religion, and science [2]. We talked about the magic era in which people believed [3] that their actions could affect the natural courses. In the religion era, the exact opposite belief was cultivated: […]
In the last post, we talked about learning which could be interpreted as making extraordinary things ordinary by creating concepts [1] or orders [2]. Earlier we had discussed that we related things based on the law of adjacency [3], two or more spatial, temporal or conceptual things are related to each other. Those relationships which have more similarities in more […]
In the last post, we saw how some half-crazy people could persuade others that they were connected to a higher being and if they came along at the right time and place, some people would believe in them. In the case of epilepsy, the seizure could visually convince people that something extraordinary was going on. [1] The diagram above shows […]
In several posts, we explored the magic era [1] in which people believe [2] that their actions can affect natural courses, both in beneficial and harmful ways [3]. We saw that to protect themselves, they’d sacrificed [4] a member of their society/family believing that it would safeguard the rest. They had to come to an agreement with nature or the […]
The concept of the afterlife has been most probably the first and strongest mental painkiller [1]. For those who struggle with mortality, believing [2] in the afterlife is quite a relief. Death wouldn’t be the end but the transition to another life [3]. Thus the problem seems to have been resolved. Though Karl Marx [4] had intended to attack the […]
Realizing our own mortality has been the greatest discovery of all time [1]. It has had such an irreversibly huge impact on our lives that many might have wished that they hadn’t had a bite from the fruit of knowledge. It also changed the way people had defined their lives. Imagine that each day they had to deal with many […]
Right now, we’re in the mind of a primitive man (I’d like to call him Icarus [1]) who’s grieving for a deceased friend. Icarus is aware of dying. He’s seen how people died and their body decayed. Death is irreversible. Icarus remembers all the corpses he saw and all the people who’d died before and he heard about them. Suddenly […]
In the last post, we discussed who was chosen to be sacrificed and how the selection took place [1]. We should keep in mind what we discussed was just one of the many stories and there were different rituals with their own unique details and I just picked up the one which would help us study the transition from the […]
In the last post, we brought up the question that in the magic era “who must be sacrificed?” [1]. The answer varies among cultures and societies. let’s study some cases. Sir James Frazer [2] whose studies on the priesthood [3] of Diana’s temple at Nemi led to an exhaustive study of magic and religion, has mentioned in “The Golden Bough” […]
Through the last post, we saw how mankind canonized totems since they needed a focal point to direct their attention, sacrifices, and prayers [1]. We also studied in the post about the magic era [2] that based on the law of adjacency [3] and causality [4], they believed that two similar things can have similar effect or if you touched […]
To pick up where we left off, our terrified primitive ancestors who were trying to understand their environment, concluded that natural disasters are indices [1] of nature’s anger which is caused by hunger. Thus it must be fed [2]. Since natural disasters happen once in a while, they thought that their solution worked which strengthened their belief in sacrificing. Unfortunately, […]
To resume the discussion about human sacrifice, we saw that it’s a rational decision by nature [1]. Thinking tells us to sacrifice short-term gains for long-term benefits [2]. So, our primitive ancestors killed one because they believed [3] that it would save many. We embarked on the journey to know how we’ve evolved to fight Death [4]. Then Homosapiens created […]
In order to fight Death [1], we evolved to detect dangers, then to emotionally react to them [2]. However, emotional evaluations have their intrinsic shortcomings, so thinking developed to counsel the emotional brain, providing it with more providential solutions [3]. A self-reflective mind should raise the question “how reliable is thinking?” Finding an answer to this question is vitally important […]
In the last post, we discussed that in order to modify emotional decisions, we need to have a trained brain and enough energy. We also studied one type of battles between head and heart: holistic evaluation [1]. Through this post, we’ll investigate other areas on which head and heart might not see eye to eye. Let’s study how we emotionally […]
In the last post, we studied the case that the tattoo of a tiger could make the primitive people believe that they possessed the tiger’s hunting skill [1], because they prematurely generalized [2] that if two things have the same form, they’ll have similar characteristics. In order to falsify this belief [3], you must be able to dissect things and […]
The concept of causality [1] has enabled us to react to causes instead of effects and the belief [2] in it has directed us to look for the causes of phenomena. In fact, we can analyze the history of Sapiens based on the type of causes they’ve assigned to the things around. Sir James Frazer [3], in “The golden bough” […]
In the 8th post, we studied how the brain could create supersigns [1] connecting two or more signs based on the law I called the law of adjacency [2]: If two or more things are spatially, temporally or conceptually [3] adjacent, they will be connected in our mind. We also saw that the brain connected the sign of a flower […]
To pick up where we left off, beliefs are meanings with high emotional amplitude or frequency [1] which assure us about the certainty of something. When it comes to beliefs we might mostly think of the spiritual or metaphysical ones, but they cover wider ranges of experiences. For instance, we also believe that 2+2=4. Then we studied generalization which is […]
Fighting Death was the starting point of our journey throughout which we’ve explored how we’ve evolved to survive [1]. We’ve seen that our emotions were the first tools to evaluate and learn from experiences and they dichotomically categorized experiences into two groups of the good and the bad [2]. The emotional judgment forms the first beliefs [3]. In the 18th […]
In the last post, we opened up the discussion about beliefs: meanings with high emotional amplitude or frequency. We also found out that beliefs enabled us to predict [1]; because when you believe in something, its probability of existence is either 0 or 1 which means there’s no doubt. Doubt is formed through the disequilibrium state [2] when our beliefs […]
When it comes to distinguishing between the concept of horse and donkey [1], a kid might not show any resistance [2] though it requires some effort [3]. To them, every day is full of unprecedented experiences and they learn many new words. However, if you contradict one of their beliefs, they’ll tenaciously fight to prove you wrong. You can run […]
In the 22nd post, we saw how a kid went through the phases of assimilation, disequilibrium then accommodation to create the concept of the donkey [1]. Piaget [2] stated that the balanced growth of assimilation and accommodation results in functioning intelligence. If assimilation outgrows accommodation, kids will tend to play games; otherwise, they will rather imitate. Through this post, we’re […]
In the last post, we opened up the discussion about the two complementary drives which help us adapt thus survive: assimilation and accommodation [1]. To investigate the process, let’s study it from the very beginning: when a baby is born. In parentheses, we should know that compared to other species, the humankind baby prematurely comes to the world since standing […]
In the last post, we discussed that language had enabled us to create concepts to think through and to communicate with [1]. Since concepts are abstract, they can’t be genetically coded; thus kids need to learn and develop them [2]. Let’s see how it goes. As a kid, you’re trying to make sense of your environment, finding relationships to group […]
In the last post, I stated that thinking is self-communication [1]. We can’t possibly think without language. Let’s try to falsify the statement. Carl Gustav Jung [2], in “Man and his symbols” [3], has divided the process of experiencing a thing [4] into 4 steps: Sensation or sense perception tells us whether the thing exists or not. [5] Feeling evaluates […]
In order to study concepts [1], we took a detour to study meanings whose hierarchy depends on their amplitude and frequency [2]. To construct a road, either you’d pave it once or let many people walk on the path many times so the road would be distinguished. The primitive roads happened to be created. The early humankind couldn’t possibly foresee […]
I should confess that the challenge, to make a logical continuum, is more complex than I considered. The ideas are so intertwined that I need to leave discussing beliefs and go back to the concept [1] and develop some ideas, knowing that we haven’t finished the discussion about the hierarchy of meanings [2] and the fight between the head and […]
In the quest of meaning, we’ve explored how emotional tags can modulate its importance [1]. Recall some events and try to figure out the most important one. Most likely, it must’ve been the most emotional experience [2]. The duality of life and death [3] has shaped our feelings: we either like or dislike things. These two basic feelings branch into […]
In the last post, we discussed that due to minergy [1] and the fear of taking responsibility, we’d be rather inclined to receive suggested solutions than to think to solve our problems [2]. Earlier we discussed why fear is the most fundamental and dominant emotion [3]. The diagram below illustrates how fear can affect our decisions [4]. Fear works like […]
So far, we’ve discussed that in order to survive, we need to solve problems and due to limited energy, our brain has developed minergy [1] the tendency to spend minimum energy to get things done. Thus, the fastest and least effortful solutions are prioritized. Minergy has formed our reactions in two ways: First of all, it creates habits which are […]
In the last post [1], we discussed the hierarchy of meanings [2] and we related their importance to the amplitude of emotions. When it comes to emotions, we can’t analyze a human being without considering the factor of society. In fact, the social pressure is so immense that sometimes we feel that we want something which in reality is what […]
In the last post, we opened up the discussion about supersigns as the building blocks of meanings [1] which enable us to show intelligent reactions to our environment and are created before concepts. Example 10: A new-born baby calms down faster when it smells her mom’s scent even coming from a blanket. This simple action signifies that the scent of […]
In the last post, we discovered how a brain can create concepts and hierarchically make them more abstract. The concept of the plant is more abstract than of rose. We also saw that we couldn’t imagine abstract ideas [1]. Now the question is “how can brain think about abstract ideas?” Let’s imagine that abstract ideas were invisible things around us. […]
When your fear subsided and you could think more clearly, you’d question “Are they the same thing or two different things?” [1] To answer this question, you’d go back to the first place and find the first thing. Then the idea of two different things consolidates in your mind. [2] Looking at the things, you’d easily find them similar. So […]
After running away from the tiger [1], when the stress hormones dropped and you felt safe, you’d start to explore the environment and see the following thing [2]: How would you react to it? You should know that in your world, still, everything was possible. So, there’s a chance that the thing you’d seen before, had moved to the new […]
To pick up where we left off, our brain had created the supersign of the thing [1] then stored it in the memory. We also learned that a supersign contains the objective and subjective parts which are respectively perceived and conceived [2]. The supersign of the thing is the first and rock-bottom MEANING that our brain has created [3]. So […]
Supersign [1] is the first cognitive group of information. It’s extremely important to distinguish between things and their supersign in mind. A thing and its supersign are even more different than you and your image in a mirror. The supersign of the thing [2] lives rather independently. The thing might perish but its supersign would exist in mind; on the other […]
In the last post, while moving towards the thing [1], you smelled something which our body could evaluate it either good or bad [2]. As you get closer to the thing, the smell becomes stronger. Here, the first cognitive analysis takes place: your brain connects the sign of the thing with the sign of the smell [3] and creates a […]
Our extremely slow and meticulous analysis of the first experience on the Earth [1] has yet to conclude. So far, we’ve experienced the thing [2], then we realized that our first reaction should be to feel fear [3]. Given the fact that our confidence level is zero [4], we’d go for the flight response; however, it’s very theoretical because, during […]
Through the last post, we referred to the study of some rats’ brain [1] to discuss that habitual or automated behaviors help us both react to problems or dangers faster and save more energy which is aligned with the fundamental principle of Minergy [2]. We should know that habits can be formed and practiced totally independent of memory. Eugene Pauly […]
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